Cranial osteomyelitis as a complication of furuncular myiasis / Osteomielite craniana como complicação de miíase furuncular

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the case of an infant with infrequent cranial osteomyelitis as a complication of furuncular myiasis. Case description: The patient was a 4-month-old male who presented to the emergency department with a nodular skull lesion with edema, tenderness, pain, and purulent drainage, as well as progress of the ulcerated lesion and evidence of larvae inside. Antibiotic treatment was initiated, and the patient was taken to the operating room to remove the larvae, but he had no symptomatic improvement. A skull radiograph was taken to visualize the osteolytic lesion, and a 3D computed tomography scan showed osteomyelitis of the external parietal surface. Antibiotic management readjustment continued for a total of six weeks, and a skin flap was used with clinical improvement. Comments: Myiasis is defined as the infestation of vertebrates with fly larvae. In mammals, larvae can feed on host tissue and cause a wide range of infestations depending on their location in the body. The cranial osteomyelitis as a complication of myiasis described in this report seems to be an exceptional case.

RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar um caso de criança com osteomielite craniana infrequente como complicação da miíase furuncular. Descrição do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, com quatro meses de idade, que se apresentou no pronto-socorro com lesão nodular no crânio com edema, sensibilidade, dor e drenagem purulenta, com evolução da lesão ulcerada e evidência de larva no interior. O tratamento com antibióticos foi iniciado e o paciente foi levado à sala de cirurgia para remover as larvas, mas não houve melhora. Uma radiografia do crânio foi realizada para visualizar a lesão osteolítica e uma tomografia computadorizada em 3D mostrou osteomielite da superfície parietal externa. O reajuste do tratamento com antibióticos foi mantido por um total de seis semanas e um retalho cutâneo foi realizado com melhora clínica. Comentários: Miíase é definida como a infestação de vertebrados com larvas de moscas. Nos mamíferos, as larvas podem se alimentar do tecido hospedeiro e causar uma ampla variedade de infestações, dependendo da sua localização no corpo. A osteomielite como complicação da miíase, apresentada nesse caso, parece ser uma forma não usual de complicação dessa doença.

Myiasis associated with penile carcinoma: a new trend in developing countries?

ABSTRACT Objectives The aim of this study is to report an unusual form of penile cancer presentation associated with myiasis infestation, treatment options and outcomes. Materials and Methods We studied 10 patients with suspected malignant neoplasm of the penis associated with genital myiasis infestation. Diagnostic assessment was conducted through clinical history, physical examination, penile biopsy, larvae identification and computerized tomography scan of the chest, abdomen and pelvis. Clinical and pathological staging was done according to 2002 TNM classification system. Radical inguinal lymphadenectomy was conducted according to the primary penile tumor pathology and clinical lymph nodes status. Results Patients age ranged from 41 to 77 years (mean=62.4). All patients presented squamous cell carcinoma of the penis in association with myiasis infestation caused by Psychoda albipennis. Tumor size ranged from 4cm to 12cm (mean=5.3). Circumcision was conducted in 1 (10%) patient, while penile partial penectomy was performed in 5 (50%). Total penectomy was conducted in 2 (20%) patients, while emasculation was the treatment option for 2 (20%). All patients underwent radical inguinal lymphadenectomy. Prophylactic lymphadenectomy was performed on 3 (30%) patients, therapeutic on 5 (50%), and palliative lymphadenectomy on 2 (20%) patients. Time elapsed from primary tumor treatment to radical inguinal lymphadenectomy was 2 to 6 weeks. The mean follow-up was 34.3 months. Conclusion The occurrence of myiasis in the genitalia is more common in patients with precarious hygienic practices and low socio-economic level. The treatment option varied according to the primary tumor presentation and clinical lymph node status.

Miasis cutánea por Cochliomyia hominivorax asociada a dermatitis seborreica: case report / Cutaneous myiasis due to Cochliomyia hominivorax associated with seborrheic dermatitis

Myiasis is an infestation of tissues and organs of humans and animals by Diptera larvae (flies, horseflies, mosquitoes). They are located at different body sites, and classified clinically as cutaneous, visceral and cavitary. We report a 26-year-old woman with a history of seborrheic dermatitis and recent trip to Brazil. She presented with a seven days history of suppurating wounds in the parieto-occipital area of the scalp. At physical examination we found three ulcers of approximately 1.5 cm each, with multiple mobile larvae inside. The obtained larvae were analyzed, identifying Cochliomyia hominivorax larvae at L2 and L3 stages. The patient was managed successfully with oral antimicrobials and local cleansing. The screwworm Cochliomyia hominivorax in our country is rare. Known risk factors are wounds, poor personal hygiene, extreme ages, psychiatric disorders, presence of specific dermatosis such as psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis, among others.

Myiasis associated with an invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast: case study

ABSTRACT Most breast cancers originate in the ductal epithelium and are referred to as invasive ductal carcinoma. In this study we report on the clinical procedures adopted to diagnose myiasis in association with infiltrating metastatic breast carcinoma in a female patient. A 41 years old woman came to the Federal Hospital of Andaraí complaining of intense itching, warmth, redness and hardening of the breast, which had acquired the aspect of an orange peel. A lesion in the left breast was cavitated, dimpled, had fetid odor, and had fibrotic and infected air nodules filled with exudate and Dipteran larvae. The tissue was cleaned and 33 larvae were extracted. The patient was hospitalized and received Ivermectin. Eighteen of the larvae extracted from the patient were placed in 70% alcohol, and twelve were placed in a container with sterile wood shavings under controlled conditions until they metamorphosed into adults. The taxonomic identification of the flies revealed that the culprit was Cochliomyia hominivorax. A histopathological exam conducted three months earlier had revealed infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Two months after the myiasis treatment, the breast tissue had healed. The patient had waited ten days from the onset of the myiasis to seek treatment, and that delay interfered negatively in the prognosis of both the neoplasm and the myiasis. This study is relevant to public health in view of the strong social impact of myiasis.

Concurrent primary and secondary myiasis on basal cell carcinoma / Concomitância de miíase primária e secundária em lesão de carcinoma basocelular

Myiasis is a disease caused by infestation of fly larvae in human and other vertebrate tissues. It is a skin condition common in tropical and subtropical countries and its predisposing factors are: chronic diseases, immunodeficiency, poor hygiene, senility, psychiatric disorders, skin cancers and ulcerated mucosae. We report the case of a healthy patient who after traumatic injury of a preexisting lesion showed a tumor on the dorsal region parasitized by fly larvae. The histopathological examination performed for the diagnosis of skin neoplasm surprisingly revealed the presence of a partially degenerated larva with characteristics of Dermatobia hominis, suggesting an association of primary and secondary myiasis on basal cell carcinoma.

A miíase é uma doença causada por infestação de larvas de moscas nos tecidos humanos ou de outros animais vertebrados. É dermatose comum em países tropicais e subtropicais e tem como fatores predisponentes: doenças crônicas, imunodeficiência, má higiene, senilidade, doenças psiquiátricas, cânceres cutâneos e de mucosas ulcerados. Relata-se caso de paciente hígido que após trauma sobre lesão pré-existente, apresentou tumoração na região dorsal parasitada por larvas de moscas. O exame histopatológico realizado para o diagnóstico da neoplasia, de modo surpreendente, evidenciou a presença de uma larva parcialmente degenerada com características de Dermatobia hominis, sugerindo associação de miíase primária e secundária em carcinoma basocelular.

Miasis en cavidad bucal / Oral cavity myiasis

Miasis deriva del griego myia: mosca. Son afecciones causadas por la presencia de larvas de moscas en los órganos y tejidos humanos o de otros animales, donde evolucionan como parásitos. Son atraídas por secreciones y olores, de positan sus huevos en el borde de las heridas, los orificios naturales y sobre la superficie cutánea con sangre coagulada y costras secas. Puede ser u na enfermedad benigna, leve o grave e incluso cursar en forma asintomática. La mortalidad es inferior al 10 por ciento y generalmente se asocia con lesiones cerebrales o de otras partes del sistema nervioso. El diagnóstico se basa en el examen clínico mediante la visualización de la larva. El objetivo de este artículo es describir un caso de miasis en la cavidad bucal y transmitir al odontólogo los conocimientos básicos de esta parasitosis.

Histerocele total complicado con miasis a propósito de un caso / Histerocele myiasis complicated by a total of one case

Miasis es la infestación de órganos o tejidos por larvas de moscas. La infestación con larvas de mosca produce diversas manifestaciones según el sitio afectado y puede incluso, causar la muerte. No es una enfermedad común en humanos pero se observa con alguna regularidad en países neotropicales. Afecta con mayor frecuencia las áreas expuestas de la piel y se presenta raramente en ojos, nariz, senos paranasales, tracto urogenital o recto; en estos casos la infestación se asocia con traumas previos o secresiones purulentas que atraen a las moscas adultas. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 65 años de edad, con prolapso total del útero (histerocele grado IV) complicado con miasis específica por Cochliomya hominivorax.

Urgent penectomy in a patient presenting with epidermoid carcinoma of the penis associated to myiasis

The objective of this study is to describe the case of a patient presenting advanced epidermoid carcinoma of the penis associated to myiasis. A 41-year-old patient presenting with a necrotic lesion of the distal third of the penis infested with myiasis was attended in the emergency room of our hospital and was submitted to an urgent penectomy. This is the first case of penile cancer associated to myiasis described in the literature. This case reinforces the need for educative campaigns to reduce the incidence of this disease in developing countries.

Oftalmomiíase como causa de lesão canalicular / Ophthalmomyiasis as a cause of canalicular lesion

OBJETIVO: Miíase é a invasão de tecido humano pela larva de uma mosca da ordem Díptera. O envolvimento ocular não é comum. Lesões do aparelho lacrimal geralmente estão associadas a traumas e raramente são devidas a infestações parasitárias. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de laceração canalicular causado por larva de Dermatobia hominis. DESCRIÇÃO: Criança do sexo feminino, 8 anos de idade, apresentou-se com celulite pré-septal não responsiva a antibioticoterapia. Foi observada uma larva de D. hominis no saco lacrimal. Realizou-se a extração cirúrgica da larva e observou-se lesão do sistema de drenagem lacrimal. COMENTARIOS: A infestação parasitária em via lacrimal é rara. A extração cirúrgica da larva é recomendada como tratamento de escolha. Apesar de incomum, a oftalmomiíase deve ser considerada como um diagnóstico diferencial possível em celulites não responsivas ao tratamento convencional, especialmente em áreas endêmicas. Esta é a primeira descrição de lesão do sistema de drenagem lacrimal por larva de D. hominis.

Nosocomial Oral Myiasis by Sarcophaga sp. in Turkey

We present a case of oral myiasis in a 15-year-old boy with tuberculosis meningitis. The diagnosis was based on the visual presence of wriggling larvae about 1 cm in size and on the microscopic features of the maggots, especially those relating to stigmatic structures. The larvae were identified as third stage larvae of Sarcophaga sp.

Miasis asociada a síndrome de complejo vascular periférico / Cutaneos myiais case asociated to a vascular cerebral disease

Se presenta un caso de miasis en un paciente masculino de 70 años de edad, cuyos antecedentes son: el habitar solo en malas condiciones de higiene y alimentación. A causa de una enfermedad vascular cerebral, presenta parálisis facial derecha y en las extremidades superior e inferior contralaterales. Inicia su padecimiento con una mácula eritematosa que evoluciona a úlcera en la región dorsal del pie izquierdo. A partir de esta úlcera se observa la salida de gusanos, que posteriormente se clasificaron como larvas de Dermatobia hominis. El tratamiento consistió en la eliminación de las larvas por desbridamiento y administración de antibióticos. Debido al grado de necrosis regional, se requirió la amputación supracondílea del pie izquierdo. El paciente evoluciona satisfactoriamente y es controlado a través de la consulta externa.

Miasis auricular por Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) (Coquerel, 1858) / Auricular myiasis cause by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) (Coquerel, 1858)

We report a 37 years old male, coming from Paraguay, who consulted for tinnitus, hearing loss, foreign body sensation and pain in the left ear. He informed that a fly entered into his external auditive channel, five days before consulting. We observed the destruction of the tympanic membrane and 22 live larvae were extracted. Following the larval extraction, these injuries evolved to complete resolution. Larvae were identified as pertaining to the genus Cochliomyia hominivorax.

Miíse humana associada a carcinoma epidermóide de lábio inferior / Human miiasis associated to inferior lips epidermoid carcinoma

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de associação entre duas relevantes patologias: carcinoma epidermóide (CE), a neoplasia maligna mais comum da cavidade bucal, e miíase, uma doença parasitária considerada incomum no homem, sendo mais prevalente em animais

Non Hodgkins lymphoma of ethmoidal sinus with rhinoorbital myiasis.

A patient with primary non-hodgkins lymphoma of the paranasal sinuses presenting as rhinoorbital myiasis is reported. The myiasis causing species was identified as Chrysomia bezziana Villeneuve. This case demonstrates the extreme destruction caused by myiasis and the inadequacy of therapeutic options available in such patients.

Miíase órbito-maxilo-bucal: relato de um caso / Orbital-maxillobucal myiasis: report of a case

Os autores apresentam um caso de oftalmomiíase com fístula orbito-maxilo-bucal por larvas da espécie Dermatobia hominis. O tratamento clínico foi realizado com éter sulfúrico, para retirada das larvas, curativos com óxido amarelo de mercúrio 1 por cento e medicação sistêmica que incluía antibiótico e antiinflamatório via oral. Apesar da resolução satisfatória com involução espontânea da fístula, foi necessária enucleação do globo ocular.

Myiasis in filarial lymphoedema due to Chrysomyia bezziana.

In patients with filarial lymphoedema of the limbs, infestation by maggots is extremely rare. We saw three patients with lymphoedema who harboured Chrysomyia bezziana in leg ulcers and in one of them 128 maggots were recovered. A course of local dressing, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs resulted in healing of the wounds. Ulcers in patients with lymphoedema should be carefully tended with cleaning and dressing otherwise myiasis may supervene.